Circle Crossed Into the Regulated Banking System — Securing a National Trust Bank Charter Under Direct OCC Supervision
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency granted final approval on July 10 to establish First National Digital Currency Bank, N.A., a national trust bank that will operate under the name Circle National Trust. Circle submitted its charter application on June 30, 2025, received conditional OCC approval in December 2025, and completed the full licensing process in just over twelve months. The bank will initially provide fiduciary digital asset custody services for Circle and its affiliates; the OCC-approved business plan provides for future expansion into institutional custody for a limited class of customers — including banks and regulated derivatives organizations — with USDC reserve management listed as a planned future capability. Circle shares rose 11 percent in premarket trading on the announcement.
A national trust charter places Circle's custody and reserve infrastructure under the OCC's direct supervisory framework — the same regulatory standing held by trust subsidiaries of major U.S. banks — removing the need to route USDC reserve management and digital asset custody through third-party bank relationships.
